During August, intermittent Vulcanian explosions interspersed with weaker ash-and-vapor emissions continued at Crater 2. "Langila's activity increased slightly in August. They were often accompanied by tremor lasting 1-10 minutes and the rise of Vulcanian ash clouds over the crater. Explosive eruptions occurred on 5, 12, 14, 15, 17, 24, and 31 August, and light ashfalls were experienced at the observatory post 10 km to the N after most of these eruptions. The head of Yogyakarta’s Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation Center, Hanik Humaida, warned that Merapi, Indonesia's most active volcano, could … Weak, steady, red glow was observed 1-4 and 25-31 March. That report noted weak emissions of light gray ash clouds during 1-6 July, followed by white vapor for the remainder of the month, with no glow observed. There were no reports of incandescence or sounds from the summit, and seismicity was at a very low level.". The emissions were occasionally accompanied by roaring noises. Crater 3 continued to show little or no activity. In Brief "During the six days of maximum activity, Crater 2 simultaneously displayed continuous Strombolian fountaining to 100 m and intermittent powerful Vulcanian explosions. Weak-to-bright glow and weak projections of incandescent lava fragments were visible on 22, 23, and 28 February, and on 1, 2, and 6 March. There was no activity at Crater 3. As eruption intensity waned, discrete earthquakes associated with Vulcanian explosions at Crater 2 became prominent.". The lava flow was approximately 1 km long and 300 m wide by 18 July with lava still being extruded accompanied by loud rumblings. "Eruptive activity intensified in October when Crater 3 became strongly active, emitting incandescent tephra and a new lava flow. Fine ash fell on the N and NW parts of the volcano. | October "The overall level of seismic activity intensified near the end of July, but its character remained similar to that observed in June. Vapour was released by Crater 2 in small to moderate amounts. On 10, 13, and 25 January the incandescent glow was bright. Weak glow was frequently observed from Crater 2 up to about mid-February, and ballistic incandescent lava fragments were seen at the bases of some eruption columns. Activity at Crater 2 consisted of emission of white-to-grey vapour-and-ash clouds, occasionally with blue vapour. Activity from Crater 3 consisted of weak white vapour emissions. ", Moderate explosive activity from 2 craters. Glow and ejections of incandescent lava fragments from Crater 2 were occasionally observed, and rumbling and explosion sounds were heard throughout the month. Two days later, night glow also returned to Crater 3. A shield is a low and broad volcano that usually has a very wide crater (a dent in the Earth’s surface). During the peak eruptive period seismic tremor was produced by the Strombolian explosive activity. Light ashfalls were observed on the NW slopes of the volcano. Moderate Vulcanian activity at Crater 2 continued until 14 September; after then the activity declined to weak emissions of thin, white vapor. Only six explosions were reported during October (7, 9, 11, 19, 25, and 29 October), but some were much larger than usual. The activity was marked by occasional sub-continuous forceful emissions of ash clouds. No ash was identifiable on satellite imagery. Information Contacts: D. Lolok, C. McKee, and B. Talai, RVO. "A generally steady moderate level of Vulcanian explosive activity prevailed in May. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data obtained from the MODIS Rapid Response team. Emissions consisted mainly of white-to-grey vapour-and-ash clouds in low or moderate volumes. . Crater 3 continued to be quiet during this period. These explosions resulted in minor ashfalls to the volcano's SE. Occasional low rumbling noises were heard on 13, 15, 16, 19, 20, 22, 28, and 30 June. No ash emission was observed during the first half of November. Activity remained at a low level during 1-20 January and no unusual volcanism was reported for February or March. From about 17 May occasional Vulcanian explosions took place at this crater, but usually the only emissions were white vapours and occasionally blue vapours in small volumes. Some of the soundless eruptions were registered seismically as large-amplitude, low-frequency events. During 23-31 October, eruptive activity at Langila's Crater 2 consisted of continuous emissions of gray-to-brown ash plumes accompanied by sub-forceful gray ash plumes. A pilot described a black plume rising to 1,500 m on 3 January but the report could not be confirmed by the local observer. Reports from Diego Coppola and David A. Rothery provided analyses of MODIS thermal alerts during 2001 and 2002 (using the MODVOLC alert-detection algorithm) extracted from the MODIS Thermal Alerts website (http://modis.hgip.hawaii.edu/) maintained by the University of Hawaii HIGP MODIS Thermal Alerts team (BGVN 28:01). Night glow from the crater was seen once, on 7 December. On 26 May, the seismograph deployed at Kilenge became operational. Information Contacts: C. McKee and P. Lowenstein, RVO. produced 1 to >40 Vulcanian explosions/day in June. Langila, one of the most active volcanoes of New Britain, consists of a group of four small overlapping composite cones on the lower E flank of the extinct Talawe volcano. and drifted SE. Two periods of high background seismicity, consisting of sub-continuous, high-frequency 'tremor,' occurred 6-11 and 21-25 February, possibly related to periods of high rainfall. Weak ash plumes during April-May and November-December 2016. The emission clouds rose as much as 500 m above the crater. Large-amplitude, multiple explosion-type earthquakes and prolonged periods of tremor clearly represented tephra explosions and bouts of gas venting at Crater 2. and drifted NE. "Meanwhile, emissions from Crater 2 consisted of white with occasionally blue vapour. Ash-bearing eruption columns rise hundreds of meters. ", Vapor emission, glow, periodic explosions, "A low level of activity prevailed at Langila. Information Contacts: C. McKee, H. Patia, and P. de Saint-Ours, RVO. No glow or incandescent ejections were observed.". ", "Activity increased slightly on 26 December and continued into January. Seismic activity was generally low, although several explosion earthquakes were recorded. | May During 20-23 October, low-level plumes from Langila were occasionally visible on satellite imagery. Visual observation reports in December were only received on the 1st and 2nd. ", Vulcanian explosion; ash to coast; night glow, "After 2 months of very weak activity, night glow was seen over Crater 2 on the nights of 7, 17, and 20 October, and steadily from the 24th to the 26th. Intermittent Vulcanian eruptive activity at Crater 2 continued throughout November. ", "Observations of glow and lava fragment ejections from the active vent at Crater 3 were more numerous than in previous months. Both Manam and Langila volcanoes have subsided a great deal since their eruptions, which have displaced or affected up to 15,000 people. Ejections of incandescent lava fragments were reported 3-5 September, and steady crater glow was observed on 10 September. Ashfalls were noted at coastal locations about 10 km N and NW of the volcano until 14 August. Weak rumbling noises were heard 28-31 December. Ash plumes rise to an altitude of 1.5-2.1 km in December 2012. "Activity re-intensified somewhat from 15 July. No significant ashfalls took place in inhabited areas. After 5 minutes, flight exited dust cloud and continued on to Brisbane. . Langila: Lat/Lon: -5.525 , 148.42: Event Date: 03 Aug 2020 00:00 UTC: Exposed Population 30km: About 11000 people within 30km: Exposed Population 100km: About 48000 people within 100km: Max Volc. During the last 3 weeks of the month the emissions were accompanied by occasional weak explosion noises. A new mild Strombolian eruption [but see 3:9] from Crater 2 began 27-28 May and is continuing.". A seismograph 9 km away (CGA), which previously recorded ~10% of the explosion earthquakes detected by the summit station (LAN), started to record an increasing proportion of these events (to >50%).". ", "Crater 2 and Crater 3 both produced mild spasmodic eruptions. Occasionally during the report period observers noted loud noises, incandescence, and weak emissions of glowing lava fragments. Fine ash fell on the flanks. On 23 and 24 June, these clouds were accompanied by blue vapor. Information Contacts: Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC), Bureau of Meteorology, Northern Territory Regional Office, PO Box 40050, Casuarina, NT 0811, Australia (URL: http://www.bom.gov.au/info/vaac/); Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) - MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. Volcanologists made an aerial inspection on . , apart from occasional wisps of white to greyish vapour. For the rest of the month activity was confined to white vapor with an occasional ash component. Satellite thermal anomalies occurred at or near Langila on three different days in early 2007 (BGVN 32:02). The daily number of explosion earthquakes recorded by the summit station fluctuated between 20 and 70, with the largest totals of 40-70 events on 16, 25, and 30-31 August. It is located 11 km south of Cape Gloucester. Crater 3 remained inactive throughout, with only weak emissions of white vapour.". 17 February, and observed extensive modifications to internal details of Crater 2 and continuous light ash ejection from new funnel-shaped vent in Crater 2. On the 17th, rumbling noises and bright night glow indicated a return to more sustained eruptive activity. ", "Langila returned to a low level of activity in early March after a period of moderate-to-strong explosive activity at Crater 2 in February. Seismicity was at a low level 8-31 October, but rare Vulcanian explosion events were also recorded. Fine ashfall was reported in downwind coastal areas. "Steam and occasional grey-brown, low-density ash clouds were emitted throughout November. Crater 3 remained quiet. Later reports from the Rabaul Volcano Observatory noted activity at Langila in December 2009 and February 2010. 05EA012 28 June 2006 The Federation’s mission is to improve the lives of vulnerable people by mobilizing the power of humanity. and dissipated. Seismicity was at low levels at the volcano, consisting mainly of low-frequency earthquakes. "The moderate eruptive activity . Based on analyses of satellite imagery and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 11-13 May ash plumes from Langila rose to an altitude of 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l. Sound effects at the observation post usually consisted of weak rumblings, but one loud explosion was heard on the 16th. Ashfalls were reported 10 km N of the crater at the beginning of June and on 8, 10, and 31 July. Crater 2 released white-grey vapour and ash for most of the month. After 18 May, deep rumbling noises and/or loud Vulcanian explosions were heard at the Cape Gloucester observation post . Weak red crater glow was often seen at night. and drifted N. Based on analyses of satellite imagery and wind model data, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 22-23 September ash plumes from Langila rose 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l. Lava effusion at Crater 3 from 25 to 27 July or longer was associated with increased explosive activity late in the month. Consider things such as access and accommodation at the base of Langila, as well as the logistics of climbing to the summit. Plumes rose 2,000-3,000 m above the rim during this period. Information Contacts: C. McKee and P. de Saint Ours, RVO. Information Contacts: Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC), Bureau of Meteorology, Northern Territory Regional Office, PO Box 40050, Casuarina, NT 0811, Australia (URL: http://www.bom.gov.au/info/vaac/); Rabaul Volcano Observatory (RVO), PO Box 386, Rabaul, Papua New Guinea; Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. Thermal anomaly data acquired by satellite-based MODIS instruments showed a gradual decrease in power level and occurrence through mid- to late-2017, followed by significantly fewer alerts and anomalies in the first half of 2018. Seismicity remained low throughout the month, with only a few explosion shocks recorded daily. Eruption of Langila Volcano, New Britain This image originally appeared in the NASA Earth Observatory story Eruption of Langila Volcano, New Britain . Seismicity was low throughout the month.". This eruptive episode produced significant amounts of ash, primarily affecting areas NW, W, and SW of the volcano. Ashfall damaged small food gardens and contaminated some water sources. Detailed observations were made by a volcanologist 17-26 November. "Sometime between overflights on 28 January and 15 February, effusion of lava commenced on the upper W flank of Crater 3, from the new vent formed on 19 January. "The daily number of Vulcanian explosions from Crater 3 reached its maximum level of >30 between the 15th and 19th, coinciding with the absence of night glow at both craters (figure 3). A lull was noted during mid-July and from late August. Since 20 October, increased activity was noticeable at Crater 2; emissions were thicker, occasional roaring or rumbling sounds were heard, and Vulcanian explosions produced dark black clouds that rose ~2 km above the crater. | June This has apparently now ceased, although minor explosive activity occurring throughout this phase still occurs. During 6-14 and 24-26 February, Crater 2 discharged small- to moderate-sized gray ash clouds. The apparent Crater 3 seismicity consisted of numerous, brief, small-amplitude events 14-17 January, and larger amplitude tremor envelopes 18-23 January which probably were an expression of the visible Strombolian eruptive activity that commenced 18 January. Upon aircraft return to Seoul, all engines were inspected per [Airline Maintenance Manual] for volcanic ash ingestion. Occasional explosions from Crater 2 generate dark clouds and ashfall, "Activity during February continued to be focused at Crater 2, at the moderately low level observed since December. These cones lie on the E side of the inactive Talawe volcano. ", Eruption continues with tephra and small base surge; lava flow stops. A weak explosion probably associated with Crater 2 was heard on 1 July. Activity at Crater 2 was moderately strong on 1 May, with forceful dark ash clouds rising several km above the crater. Based on analyses of satellite imagery and model data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 13 May at 0709 an ash plume from Langila rose to an altitude of 5.5 km (17,000 ft) a.s.l. Several periods of harmonic tremor were recorded but the source was not determined.". There were a few Vulcanian explosions from Crater 2 in the first half of the month, and virtually no activity during the second half of the month. Throughout August, Crater 3 produced weak emissions of thin, pale-grey and occasionally blue vapour. Source: Rabaul Volcano Observatory (RVO). Click a link on the top of the table to sort or a volcano name to visit its' page. Information Contacts: H. Patia, R. Stewart, and C. McKee, RVO. Weak-moderate white vapour was emitted continually from Crater 2 during the month, while Crater 3 was quiet. Explosions were heard on 1, 2, 6, 24, and 30 June, and a weak red glow was seen above this crater on the night of the 14th. The daily number of low-frequency earthquakes ranged from 2-15. Incandescence was observed at the summit. and drifted over 110 km W, WNW, and N. Based on analyses of satellite imagery and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 1-6 December ash plumes from Langila rose to altitudes of 2.1-3 km (7,000-10,000 ft) a.s.l. ", Intermittent ash emission; three Vulcanian explosions, "Activity in May was similar to that in April. and drifted SE and NE. Seismicity was very weak for most of March, but from the 24th onwards, 2-8 explosion events/day were recorded. Strong activity in the first 8 days of the month consisted of up to 15 Vulcanian explosions per day, and periods of harmonic tremor recorded 4-8 August. Rumbling and roaring sounds were heard on 27-30 April. The ash clouds rose 500-1,000 m above the summit and were later blown N. After that the emissions reduced to thin to thick white vapor. ", "Activity increased slightly in October. and drifted N. Based on analyses of satellite imagery and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 17-18 February ash plumes from Langila rose to an altitude of 1.8 km (6,000 ft) a.s.l. The ash emissions continued throughout the day, and similar activity occurred the next day. The strongest seismic activity was recorded on the 19th and 20th but harmonic tremor lasted until the 24th. An extensive lava field reaches the coast on the N and NE sides of Langila. Crater 3 was quiet. Crater 2 released white and blue vapors during 1-18 October; from 6 to 9 October the emissions were accompanied by weak rumbling noises. "Activity at Crater 3 also waned after the first week in June, although more progressively. Based on analyses of satellite imagery and wind model data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 17 June an ash plume from Langila rose to an altitude of 2.4 km (8,000 ft) a.s.l. Smell of sulfur was experienced in the cockpit. A changing weak-to-bright glow accompanied by projections of glowing lava fragments were visible on the nights of 22-23 and 28 February, and 1-2, and 6 March. The aviation color code has remained at Orange (third highest of a four-step universal volcanic ash alert level system for aviation) throughout 2016 and through July 2017. Rumbling and explosion noises associated with some of the emissions were heard throughout the month. Explosion and rumbling sounds were heard at an observation post about 10 km N of Langila. Emissions from Crater 2 consisted mainly of thin-to-moderate white-grey vapour-and-ash clouds. A weak steady red glow was observed over this crater at the end of the month. Eruption clouds were usually brown/grey, but otherwise emissions were white and rarely blue. Crater 3 continued to be relatively inactive, with only weak vapour emissions on 16, 28, and 29 April. During July, Crater 2 continued to release weak-to-moderate white vapor with occasional pale-gray ash. Crater glow or ejections of incandescent lava fragments from Crater 2 were seen on five days in the second half of the month. The main activity at Crater 2 was the release of white vapours and rarely pale grey ash clouds. Peaks of activity occurred on 7, 12, and 25 January with emission of columns of thick dark tephra-laden vapour to heights of 1.5-2.5 km above the crater. Four alert pixels were recorded for 2004, on 20 (one each on Aqua and Terra), 25, and 27 January. . Information Contacts: J. Mori, D. Lolok, and P. Lowenstein, RVO. Information Contacts: P. de Saint-Ours and C. McKee, RVO. The ongoing Vulcanian eruption at Crater 2 continued throughout November and December. Talawe is the largest volcano in Cape Gloucester.There have been dozens of recorded eruptions since the 19th century from three separate volcanic craters at the summit of Langila. Information Contacts: I. Itikarai and P. Lowenstein, RVO. Light grey explosion clouds were occasionally observed rising from the active vent in Crater 3. Thermal anomalies, based on MODIS satellite instruments analyzed using the MODVOLC algorithm, were occasionally detected after 2012. "However, between 7 and 17 April stronger activity took place at Crater 2. and drifted WNW. The only sound from this crater during November was a deep loud explosion on 28 November and rumbling noises on the 29th and 30th. "Activity at Crater 2 may have declined since late September. Cape Gloucester Area, New Britain' volcanic geology, petrology, and eruptive history of Langila Craters up to 1970. 15 February. Crater 3 released thin white vapour with very low ash content accompanied by thin blue vapor. A weak glow was seen on most nights during the first week and on 21 and 30 January around the crater rim. Incandescent tephra ejections or crater glow were common during the first half of the month, but only occasionally observed later in November. The increased activity was characterized by forceful emission of thick pale-gray to dark gray-brown ash clouds from 22-27 May. Both recently active craters (Crater 1 and Crater 2) are also within a 1-km area, along a NE-SW trend, similar to the orientation of the alert pixels. The recurring activity from both craters continued into early June, producing much ashfall on the downwind coastal areas.". original data, rather than the thresholded alert data on the MODVOLC website) was made for the period 20 May-25 October 2002, which revealed single-pixel sub-threshold thermal anomalies on Langila on a total of 25 dates, strengthening the case for the quasi-continuous or intermittent activity interpreted on the basis of MODVOLC alerts (BGVN 28:01). Light to moderate ashfalls at the observation post 10 km N of the volcano were recorded on 5 days but mostly in the second half of the month. Box 386, Rabaul, Papua New Guinea. There is no Emissions History data available for Langila. In the period 15-20 August, the emissions were usually only white vapor. Information Contacts: Ima Itikarai, Rabaul Volcano Observatory (RVO), P.O. Sounds of explosions and rumbling were heard 1-14 December, and detonations were frequent 9-10 and 15-17 December. and drifted SE and ESE. On 8 October a forceful emission of thick ash rose to 1 km above the crater rim. Some plumes during this episode extended great distances downwind, prompting aviation warnings. An ashfall was reported on 5 December. During the month volcanic activity was low at Crater 3, with only thin white vapor sporadically visible. . Crater 2 occasionally emitted weak to moderate white vapours. . Weak-moderate white emissions and occasional grey ash clouds were released from Crater 2. ", "Activity was very low in July. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Seismicity was at a moderate level with 2-10 Vulcanian explosion events/day. Talawe is the highest volcano in the Cape Gloucester area of NW New Britain. The 30th marked the beginning of occasional moderate to thick emissions of grey-brown ash clouds producing light ash fall on the N and NW sides of the volcano. The number of Vulcanian explosion earthquakes recorded in May dropped to 70, compared to 134 in April. Occasional low rumbling sounds were heard from the 1st to the 20th and on the 28th. Eruptive activity in September and October at both craters consisted of moderate and intermittent Vulcanian explosions. "An aerial inspection on 3 September revealed that Crater 3 is ~100 m in diameter and its N rim is markedly lower than the S rim. The seismographs were inoperative throughout the month. Lava fragment ejections and glows were observed on four consecutive nights 14-17 August. A lava flow was produced but no further detail is available. Box 386, Rabaul, Papua New Guinea; International Federation of Red Cross And Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) (URL: https://reliefweb.int/); U.S. Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA)/XOGM, Offutt Air Force Base, NE 68113, USA; Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC), Bureau of Meteorology, Northern Territory Regional Office, PO Box 40050, Casuarina, Northern Territory 0811, Australia (URL: http://www.bom.gov.au/info/vaac/). Crater 3 remained quiet throughout the month. The crater was silent throughout the month, as it has been since the end of May (BGVN 18:05). A new, short lava flow was emplaced on the NW flank of Crater 3. Some of these ash-laden emissions rose several hundred metres above the crater rim producing light ashfalls on the N and NW sides of the volcano. and drifted 25-85 km NNW, NW, and W. Based on analyses of satellite imagery and RVO ground observations, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 9-10 May ash plumes from Langila rose to altitudes of 2.1-3 km (7,000-10,000 ft) a.s.l. . Thick ash clouds from Crater 2 accompanied by explosion sounds, "Eruptive activity at Crater 2 continued during July, while Crater 3 activity was at a low level. . Several times per day at irregular intervals, individual explosions produced black ash-laden columns that rose as much as 3-4 km before being dissipated by the NW winds. Crater 3 released weak fumarolic vapors. Additional ash plumes were detected on 29 September and 30 October 2018. Light ashfalls were experienced in coastal areas 10 km downwind. Crater 2 continued weak-to-moderate emissions of white vapor during both months. During 1-2 November, eruptive activity at Langila's Crater 2 consisted of continuous emissions of pale gray ash plumes that rose to an altitude of 2.3 km (7,600 ft) a.s.l. 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